Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:16 Issue: 1, winter 2018

The current study aimed at investigating the prevalence of obsessive - compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms in Zahedan, Iran, and comparing it among primary school females and males aged 7 to 11 years. The current descriptive study, with a causal - comparative design, was conducted on a statistical population including 61012 students (30843 males and 30169 females) studying in both districts of Zahedan. A multistage cluster sampling method was applied and 381 questionnaires were distributed among the female and male students. Obsessive - compulsive inventory - child version (OCI - CV) developed by Foa was used as a data collection tool. Given the three cut off points considered in the OCI - CV, the results demonstrated that 29.9%, 56.2%, and 13.9% of the subjects experienced mild, moderate, and severe symptoms OCD, respectively. In addition, the results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated a significant difference in OCD with regard to gender, and all symptoms of OCD (doubting/checking, obsessing, hoarding, washing, ordering, and neutralizing) were more prevalent among the females compared with males. OCD symptoms and obsessive behaviors were more prevalent among females compared with males in Zahedan primary schools.

Beside changes in blood values and electrolytes, complaints can occur during bowel preparation. Patients general condition should be assessed during bowel preparation. To determine patients complaints associated with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) before elective colorectal surgery. This quasi - experimental, hospital - based study was conducted at the General Surgery Clinic of Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Turkey. The study sample included of 64 elective colorectal surgery patients who were scheduled for a MBP in the preoperative period. The inclusion criteria were as follows: voluntary participation in the study, aged ≥ 18, conscious and oriented to place, time, and person, mobilized and not global, or receive aphasia. The exclusion criteria were as follows: fever in preoperative period, receive any cardiac agent in preoperative period. Pain, fatigue, and sleep quality were assessed 1 hour before MBP. The fleet enema was applied rectally in the left lateral position. Patients mobilized for bowel contents evacuation after 8 - 10 minutes at the end of MBP and patients were placed in semi-Fowler’s position (30°) after taking the bed. Patients were assessed in terms of nausea, vomiting, change of taste in mouth, abdomen cramp, abdomen pain, bloating, stomach ache, sweating, palpitation, dyspnea, and vertige at specified times. Before MBP, mean pain, fatigue score, and sleep quality were 3.69 ± 3.20, 4.28 ± 3.6, and 6.69 ± 3.2, respectively. The most reported complaints just right after, 20 and 40 min after MBP were stomach ache, sweating, abdomen cramp, bloating, and palpitation, respectively. The most reported complaints 60 minutes after MBP were stomach ache, abdomen cramp, bloating, sweating, and palpitation, respectively. Additionally, an increase in stomach ache, abdomen cramp, bloating, sweating and palpitation were observed related on MBP. The results showed that stomach ache, palpitation, bloating, sweating and abdomen cramp complaints were significantly different over time, from 1 hour before MBP to 60 min after MBP (P < 0.05). Serious complaints such as palpitation, sweating and etc. developed associated with MBP. Study results proved that disadvantage is gained by MBP before elective colorectal surgery. Carefully, patients assessment during and after MBP will be of a benefit to clinicians in terms of quality of care, patients follow-up, and surgical outcomes.

Physiological changes in spacecraft situation (endurance of gravity and circadian rhythm changes) can alter the neuromodulator. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of 14 days of simulated microgravity and alteration of circadian rhythm (as simulated spacecraft situation) on the serum leptin level in rats. 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (free motion groups with 12/12 hours or 45/45 minutes dark/light cycles and unloading tail suspension condition groups with 12/12 hours or 45/45 dark/light cycles). The serum leptin level was analyzed 14 days after the beginning of the intervention by ELISA. Data were analyzed by the two-way ANOVA. The data showed that the unloading situation significantly increased the serum leptin level. However, light/dark changing cycles had no significant effect on the serum leptin level. It seems that the unloading situations were much more effective than the light/dark changing cycles on the serum leptin level.

Iranian Health Reform Plan in health care systems launched in 2014. The aim of this program was to expand equity in the field of health, improve quality, increase accessibility to health services, and increase people’s satisfaction. This study designed to explore Iranian health reform advantages in health care systems on the perspective of health managers, health care providers, and clients. In this content analysis study, participants included 22 health managers, 118 health care providers, and 15 clients affiliated with the health deputy of the Qom University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was conducted in the purposeful method. Individual semi- structured interviews were used for data gathering and data was analyzed by the conventional approach. Similar codes were merged and categorized and the extracted subcategories were named based on their essence. MAXQDA software was used to manage qualitative data. 328 codes, 19 subcategories and 7 main categories were extracted. On the perspective of participants, Iranian health reform advantages in health care system, categorized in 7 main categories included; improvement of general health, improvement of equity in the health system, improvement of health literacy, providing comprehensive health services, providing personalized health services, increased general satisfaction, and providing electronic health records. Health managers, health care providers, and clients expressed their satisfaction from Health Reform Plans and pointed to different aspects of it. On these findings, Iranian Health Reform Plans can facilitate promoting health care services and in sequence, public health.

Addiction can lead to negative consequences in various areas of life. It affects addicts’ mood and emotions. Therefore, the present study sought to identify mental disorders caused by addiction. The present research was a descriptive study. The statistical population of this study included all addicts in Ahvaz city, referred to addiction treatment clinics, during year 2016. The research sample consisted of 281 addicts, who were selected by the multistage random sampling method. The data were collected through Symptom Checklist-90-R. The results of this study show that 50.17% of participants were suspected to have at least one mental disorder. Also, 12.45% of drug addicts had depression disorder, 10.32% had somatization disorder, 11.74% had anxiety disorder, 10.67% had obsessive-compulsive disorder, 10.32% had interpersonal sensitivity, 15.30% had hostility disorder, 12.09% had phobia disorder, 12.45% had psychotic, and 13.52% had paranoid ideation. Hostility (18.22%) was revealed to be the most frequent disorder among the users of herbal drugs, and paranoid thoughts and depression (12.87%) were the most frequent disorders among industrial drug users. The results of this study indicate the effect of drug use on people’s mental health and the prevalence of all types of mental disorders among addicts.

Physical activity is highly salient in improving the mental health of people in the community, and it has a great impact on improving the mental health of the population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical activity on depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction of police personnel. In this scientific comparative study, 120 employees of the police station of Marvdasht city were selected based on Morgan’s table. The data collection tools included a physical activity questionnaire, beck depression inventory, beck Anxiety inventory and enrich marital satisfaction inventory. To analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with LSD post hoc tests were used (P ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in marital satisfaction (P = 0.10) and anxiety (P = 0.27) among the high physical activity, moderate physical activity and low physical activity groups. However, the level of depression was significantly lower in the high physical activity and moderate physical activity groups compared to those with low physical activity (P = 0.008 and P = 0.03, respectively), and there was no significant difference in the severity of depression among the personnel with high and moderate physical activity (P = 0.30). Also, there was a significant correlation between physical activity and depression (P = 0.03) among the police personnel. However, there was no significant correlation between the level of physical activity and anxiety and marital satisfaction in the police personnel. It seems that the level of depression in police personnel with high and moderate physical activity is lower than those with low physical activity.